何謂ＥＱ？和ＩＱ有何不同！
智商（IQ），是通過一系列標準測試測量人在其年齡段的認知能力（「智力」）的得分。由法國的比奈 (Alfred Binet，1857年-1911年) 和他的學生所發明，他根據這套測驗的結果，將一般人的平均智商定為100，而正常人的智商，根據這套測驗，大多在85到115之間。
最新的研究表明，智商不單是與遺傳因素有關，還與生活環境有關。即智商的高低與遺傳因素和生活環境有關。
智商計算公式：100×(mental age/chronological age)
即為IQ=（智力年齡mental age/生理年齡chronological age）*100
現代人平均智商在逐漸增加,被稱為弗林效應,但不了解其原因是智力實際增長還是因為測量的原因所導致.
智商 智力等級
140以上 天才或近於天才
120-140 智力優異
110-120 智力較高
90-110 普通智力
80-90 遲鈍偶為低能
70-80 介乎遲鈍與低能之間（每可歸入低能）
70以下 確定為低能
最新的研究表明，智商不單是與遺傳因素有關，還與生活環境有關。即智商的高低與遺傳因素和生活環境有關。
EQ (Emotional Quotient) 情感商數/情緒智力
人培養EQ的最終目的是要使用EQ，讓EQ幫助我們在社會上如魚得水、游走自如。先天IQ高、後天的努力夠，但沒有相應的EQ配合的話，成功不是必然的。 EQ發揮作用的層次是：表達自己（以身受感作基礎）、了解他人、與人交通帶來良好的人際關係、互相接納、再發展。同時具備掌握自己感情、理解他人感覺，和在任何情況下都能樂觀向前的資質與能力。追求情緒的適切度調節：能善於處理情緒，制衡情緒的負面反應，既避免過分衝動而造成毀滅性行為，也避免過分壓抑而變得沮喪、憂鬱。
創造EQ能的思考方式
養成事無大小都盡量自求解決之道，如實在無法解決時，再求助於人的習慣
不論做人做事，都應該不焦慮、不躁進、一步一步按部就班地前進 (獨立自主有主張的人)
靠著自己的意志力而忍住一時的辛苦，必能夠在生涯中有更大的成就
不怕失敗，以最認真的態度，用自己的力氣，努力轉換自己的心情，讓自己再度面對目標而努力
面對挑戰時，不要想「我大概做不到」，要想「我可能做得到」
視這次失敗為下次機會的開始，並吸收這失敗中的新智慧作為下次的踏腳石
只要專心去做，不必太在意結果，只追求在做的經驗，將勝負付諸一博
鍛鍊EQ能力
走向獨立自主的步驟
1. 摹仿心目中的理想人物:隨著時間將之揉入自己的風格與魅力，並將摹仿對象的感性與行事風格內化為自己的一部分
2. 從摹仿別人到活出自己的味道
3. 具極佳的協調力:能同時兼備幾種力量，並加以統御、協調的思考能力 (對現在情勢的洞察能力，對將來發展的預測能力以及對資訊的搜集能力
性格與EQ的關係
人的性格分兩類
1. 外向型性格的人樂觀、活潑、決斷、急性子、率直、勇敢、進取、魯莽、輕鬆、不愛鑽牛角尖。 2. 內向型的人悲觀、文靜、猶豫、慢性子、含蓄、保守、謹慎、多慮、愛鑽牛角尖。
兩種性格所含特質都各有好處，最理想是只取兩種的長處而摒除壞處。
人之所以情緒反應不同，乃因人的性格不同，產生的EQ效應也不同。 若希望EQ在我們的人生中起正面積極的作用，便應嘗試用一般的方法和手段，來改變性格中不好的特質。
培養孩子EQ的方法（改變性格）
方式要為孩子所喜歡。孩子多喜歡聽好音樂，但要他練習樂器，多半不喜歡，但至少不要令他感到抗拒﹔
可以看得到成績，讓孩子有成就感﹑有榮譽感﹔
要予以督促﹑鼓勵﹑配合﹔
了解孩子性格上的弱點而設計其陶冶之法，不一定上述範圍之內。
在學校裡培養EQ
學校只有兩種「東西」：功課和人（同學），IQ高的，幫助學習﹔在學習的過程中，也強化下了EQ﹔若缺乏溝通技巧，無法正確處理情勢，便會使很多青少年雙重失敗：學業與做人都掉隊﹔
青少年必須知彼知己才能與人溝通，要以自己身處的角度去評估人與事。自己都會做的，不是出於惡意，遇上時，就不必反應激烈。溝通的基礎是先放下敵意，發展成EQ，就沒有暴力﹔
情緒無出路，又不懂得表達自己，會發展成抑鬱症，表現在自暴自棄，行為乖異﹔
能抵受快樂的誘惑，能押後快樂的享受就是情緒的調整﹑克制，學習知識與技能固然可測出誰的IQ發揮作用，同時也幫助EQ的培養和性格的訓練﹔
情緒也是一種生理反應，更是人可以自覺得到的生理反應（指某些情緒，非全部）。當情緒來時，可嘗試用簡單的方法去平復﹑克制，避免不必要的行動，例如你在氣極時，揮拳打人之前，先在心中默數十下，就打不成了。
EQ的本源
來自身受感 (Empathy)。身受感是學習來的，人在一出生就開始從父母那裡感應及學習身受感。
人必先愛自己，由愛自己出發去代入他人，與他人感同身受，也等同愛他人。身受感有道德作基礎，發展EQ，也有道德在其中。
子女從父母身上學習和體會到身受感﹑行為﹑情緒處理初階，這對他們的個性與EQ增長的關係至大，問題青少年多來自破碎家庭是最好的說明。家庭是培養身受感非常重要的地方。
Wednesday 25 February 2009
IQ智商 EQ情商
IQ智商 EQ情商
IQ智商是什么?智商就是智力商数。智力通常叫智慧，也叫智能。是人们认识客观事物并运用知识解决实际问题的能力。智力包括多个方面，如观察力、记忆力、想象力、分析判断能力、思维能力、应变能力等。智力的高低通常用智力商数来表示，是用以标示智力发展水平。
1905 年法国心理学家就制定出第一个测量智力的量表──比奈－西蒙智力量表，1922年传入我国，1982年由北京吴天敏先生修订，共５１题，主要适合测量小学生和初中生的智力。1916年美国韦克斯勒编制了韦克斯勒成人智力量表（ＷＡＩＳ），儿童智力量表（ＷＩＳＣ）、适用4-6.5 儿童的韦氏幼儿智力量表（ＷＰＰＳＺ），韦氏量表于８０年代中后期引进我国经过修订出版了中文版，因而应用较广。
智商有两种，一种是比率智商，智力年龄÷实足年龄＝智力商数。如果某人智龄与实龄相等，他的智商即为100，标示其智力中等。另一种是离差智商，把一个人的测验分数与同龄组正常人的智力平均数之比作为智商。现在大多数智力测验都采用离差智商。
①为了准确表达一个智力水平，智力测量专家提出了离差智商的概念，即用一个人在他的同龄中的个对位置，即通过计算受试者偏离平均值多少个标准差来衡量，这就是离差智商，也称为智商（ＩＱ）。
②比如说，两个年龄不同的成年人，一个人的智力测量得分高于同龄组分数的平均值，另一个的测验分数低于同龄组的平均值，那么我们就作出这样的结论：前者的ＩＱ比后者高。
③目前均大多数智力测量都用离差智商（ＩＱ）来表示一个人的智力水平。
④人群的智力商分布。
在现代典型的智力测验中，设定主体人口的平均智商为１００，则根据一定的统计原理，一半人口的智商，介于９０－１１０之间，其中智商在９０－１００和１００－１１０的人各占２５％。智商在１１０－１２０的占１４．５％，智商在１２０－１３０的人占７％，１３０－１４０的人占３％，其余０．５％人智商在１４０分以上，另有25%的人IQ在100分以下。
⑤智力超常和智力低下
智力测验问世后，要区别智力的差异就变得容易起来。人们发现智商极高（ＩＱ在130分以下）和智商极低的人（ＩＱ在７０分以下）均为少数，智力中等或接近中等（ＩＱ在８０－１２０分）之间者约占全部人口的８０％，智力超过常态者，我们称之为智力超常，那些智力低于常态者，我们称之为智力低常。
我们采用的是美国心理学家韦克斯勒编制的智力量表，由我国湖南医科大龚耀先等人修订，制定了中国常模。现在我们可以测查 6-16岁的儿童和16岁以上的成人。通过心理测量可了解自己的智力水平、潜能所在，鉴定交通事故导致智力损伤，为发挥自己的优势，科学填报高考志愿，优生优育等提供科学依据。
EQ是什么？
"EQ到底是什么？"
"怎样才能知道我的EQ高不高？"
这是我最常被问到的两个问题。尤其在企业界做训练时，每当谈及了EQ对工作成就的重要影响："职位愈高，EQ对于成功就愈重要"，话刚说完，总是会有学员不解地举手："不会吧！？我们老总脾气超烂，动不动就发火，EQ这么差，还不是做到了总经理？！"
好问题，这个看似"低EQ，高成就"的现象，其实是因为我们还没完全了解EQ的真正内涵之故。因为一个人的EQ高不高，不光只是看他会不会发脾气而已。
那，EQ到底是什么呢？
EQ（Emotional Quotient）是"情绪商数"的英文简称，它代表的是一个人的情绪智力（Emotional Intelligence）之能力。简单的来说，EQ是一个人自我情绪管理以及管理他人情绪的能力指数。
让我们来回顾一下EQ诞生的过程。
早在一九二零年，美国哥伦比亚大学的教授索戴克（E.L. Thorndike）就首先提出了社会智力（Social Intelligence）的概念，认为拥有高社会智力的人「具有了解及管理他人的能力，而能在人际关系上采取明智的行动」。
一九二六年推出了第一份社会智力测验（George Washington Social Intelligence Test），问卷的题目包括了指认图片中人物的情绪状态，以及判断人际关系中的问题等等。
然而接下来的几十年，心理学界在这方面的努力停顿了下来，主要因为大家都忙着发展及研究IQ测验，当时认为IQ（亦即一个的数学、逻辑、语文、以及空间能力）会决定每个人的学习及受教的能力，因而会影响将来的工作发展及表现。
一直到一九八三年，美国心理学家嘉纳教授（Howard Gardner）提出了影响现今教育体系甚钜的"多元智力"理论。他认为原先只重数理语文能力等的传统定义"智力"的方式（亦即IQ）需要大幅修改，因为一个人的IQ除了对学校学习的成绩有很高的正相关（IQ愈高，功课愈好），对于其它方面，例如工作表现，感情及生活满意度等并无太大的关系。
嘉纳教授在他的多元智力理论中，多加了几项智力，包括了音乐，体育以及了解自我和了解他人之能力。而这后两项，让"社会智力"的概念再一次地受到教育界及心理学界的重视。
第一个使用"EQ"这个名词的人是心理学家巴昂（Reuven Bar-on），他在一九八八年编制了一份专门测验EQ的问卷（EQ-i），根据他的定义，EQ包括了那些能影响我们去适应环境的情绪及社交能力。其中有五大项：（1）自我EQ（2）人际EQ（3）适应力（4）压力管理能力（5）一般情绪状态（乐观度，快乐感）。
接着又有心理学家沙洛维及梅耶（Salovey&Mayor）在一九九0年提出情绪智力的定义。他们认为情绪智力应和乐观等人格特质区分开来，所以他们对EQ的定义强调在了解并运用情绪之方面。
目前另一个在各国受到广泛使用的EQ测验（MSCEIT），即为他们的最新研究成果。其中的问题有几大项（1）察觉及表达情绪之能力（2）在脑中想象情绪状态之能力（3）了解情绪的能力（4）控管情绪的能力。
真正让「EQ」一词走出心理学的学术圈，而成为人人朗朗上口的日常生活用语的心理学家是哈佛大学的高曼教授（Daniel Goleman）。他在1995年出版的《EQ》一书（Emotional Intelligence），登上了世界各国的畅销书排行榜，在全世界掀起了一股EQ热潮。
高曼发现一个人的EQ对他在职场的表现有着非常重要的影响。举例而言，一个针对全美国前500大企业员工所做的调查发现，不论产业别为何，一个人的IQ和EQ对他在工作上成功的贡献比例为 IQ：EQ＝1：2，也就是说，对于工作成就而言，EQ的影响是IQ的两倍，而且职位愈高，EQ对工作表现的影响就愈大。此外对于某些工作类别，例如行销，业务以及客户服务等等，EQ的影响就更为明显。
因此高曼针对职场的工作表现，提出了他的工作EQ架构。经过不断的测试和修正，目前高曼的工作EQ内容共有4大项，以及18小项。
想知道你的工作EQ高不高吗？请一起来检查一下你的各项工作EQ能力。
＜十八项重要的工作EQ＞
自我情绪管理能力：
一、自我察觉
（1）意识到自己情绪的变化：解读自己的情绪，体认到情绪的影响。
（2）精确的自我评估：了解自己的优点以及不足之处。
（3）自信：掌控自身的价值及能力。
二、自我管理
（4）情绪自制力：能够克制冲动及矛盾的情绪。
（5）坦承：展现出诚实及正直；值得信赖。
（6）适应力：弹性强，可以适应变动的环境或克服障碍。
（7）成就动机：具备提升能力的强烈动机，追求卓越的表现。
（8）冲劲：随时准备采取行动，抓住机会。
人际关系之管理能力：
三、社交察觉
（9）同理心：感受到其它人的情绪，了解别人的观点，积极关心他人。
（10）团体意识：解读团体中的趋势、决策网络及政治运作。
（11）服务：体认到客户及其它服务对象的需求，并有能力加以满足。
四、人际关系管理
（12）领导能力：以独到的愿景来引导及激励他人。
（13）影响力：能说服他人接受自己的想法。
（14）发展其它人的能力：透过回馈及教导来提升别人的能力。
（15）引发改变：能激发新的做法。
（16）冲突管理：减少意见相左，协调出共识之能力。
（17）建立联系：培养及维持人脉。
（18）团队能力：与他人合作之能力；懂得团队运作模式。
这么多的内容，足足有18项，真的是十八般武艺，样样都不简单。而要十八般武艺俱全，岂不难如登天？
请先别担心，事实上一个人只要能在这十八项EQ能力中，有五、六项EQ能力特别突出，而且是平均分布在四大项能力中的话，那他在职场上的表现，就会非常亮眼了。
要测量工作EQ，目前相当广为使用的量表是情绪能力问卷（ECI：Emotional Competence Inventory），总共有110个题目，很特别的是ECI使用360度全方位的资料收集方法，它不只是问当事人，也会从他的上司、属下、和同事来了解当事人的工作EQ，得出来的结果当然就比较客观而准确。
所以，只要掌握了工作EQ，你就能造就工作成就。
IQ智商是什么?智商就是智力商数。智力通常叫智慧，也叫智能。是人们认识客观事物并运用知识解决实际问题的能力。智力包括多个方面，如观察力、记忆力、想象力、分析判断能力、思维能力、应变能力等。智力的高低通常用智力商数来表示，是用以标示智力发展水平。
1905 年法国心理学家就制定出第一个测量智力的量表──比奈－西蒙智力量表，1922年传入我国，1982年由北京吴天敏先生修订，共５１题，主要适合测量小学生和初中生的智力。1916年美国韦克斯勒编制了韦克斯勒成人智力量表（ＷＡＩＳ），儿童智力量表（ＷＩＳＣ）、适用4-6.5 儿童的韦氏幼儿智力量表（ＷＰＰＳＺ），韦氏量表于８０年代中后期引进我国经过修订出版了中文版，因而应用较广。
智商有两种，一种是比率智商，智力年龄÷实足年龄＝智力商数。如果某人智龄与实龄相等，他的智商即为100，标示其智力中等。另一种是离差智商，把一个人的测验分数与同龄组正常人的智力平均数之比作为智商。现在大多数智力测验都采用离差智商。
①为了准确表达一个智力水平，智力测量专家提出了离差智商的概念，即用一个人在他的同龄中的个对位置，即通过计算受试者偏离平均值多少个标准差来衡量，这就是离差智商，也称为智商（ＩＱ）。
②比如说，两个年龄不同的成年人，一个人的智力测量得分高于同龄组分数的平均值，另一个的测验分数低于同龄组的平均值，那么我们就作出这样的结论：前者的ＩＱ比后者高。
③目前均大多数智力测量都用离差智商（ＩＱ）来表示一个人的智力水平。
④人群的智力商分布。
在现代典型的智力测验中，设定主体人口的平均智商为１００，则根据一定的统计原理，一半人口的智商，介于９０－１１０之间，其中智商在９０－１００和１００－１１０的人各占２５％。智商在１１０－１２０的占１４．５％，智商在１２０－１３０的人占７％，１３０－１４０的人占３％，其余０．５％人智商在１４０分以上，另有25%的人IQ在100分以下。
⑤智力超常和智力低下
智力测验问世后，要区别智力的差异就变得容易起来。人们发现智商极高（ＩＱ在130分以下）和智商极低的人（ＩＱ在７０分以下）均为少数，智力中等或接近中等（ＩＱ在８０－１２０分）之间者约占全部人口的８０％，智力超过常态者，我们称之为智力超常，那些智力低于常态者，我们称之为智力低常。
我们采用的是美国心理学家韦克斯勒编制的智力量表，由我国湖南医科大龚耀先等人修订，制定了中国常模。现在我们可以测查 6-16岁的儿童和16岁以上的成人。通过心理测量可了解自己的智力水平、潜能所在，鉴定交通事故导致智力损伤，为发挥自己的优势，科学填报高考志愿，优生优育等提供科学依据。
EQ是什么？
"EQ到底是什么？"
"怎样才能知道我的EQ高不高？"
这是我最常被问到的两个问题。尤其在企业界做训练时，每当谈及了EQ对工作成就的重要影响："职位愈高，EQ对于成功就愈重要"，话刚说完，总是会有学员不解地举手："不会吧！？我们老总脾气超烂，动不动就发火，EQ这么差，还不是做到了总经理？！"
好问题，这个看似"低EQ，高成就"的现象，其实是因为我们还没完全了解EQ的真正内涵之故。因为一个人的EQ高不高，不光只是看他会不会发脾气而已。
那，EQ到底是什么呢？
EQ（Emotional Quotient）是"情绪商数"的英文简称，它代表的是一个人的情绪智力（Emotional Intelligence）之能力。简单的来说，EQ是一个人自我情绪管理以及管理他人情绪的能力指数。
让我们来回顾一下EQ诞生的过程。
早在一九二零年，美国哥伦比亚大学的教授索戴克（E.L. Thorndike）就首先提出了社会智力（Social Intelligence）的概念，认为拥有高社会智力的人「具有了解及管理他人的能力，而能在人际关系上采取明智的行动」。
一九二六年推出了第一份社会智力测验（George Washington Social Intelligence Test），问卷的题目包括了指认图片中人物的情绪状态，以及判断人际关系中的问题等等。
然而接下来的几十年，心理学界在这方面的努力停顿了下来，主要因为大家都忙着发展及研究IQ测验，当时认为IQ（亦即一个的数学、逻辑、语文、以及空间能力）会决定每个人的学习及受教的能力，因而会影响将来的工作发展及表现。
一直到一九八三年，美国心理学家嘉纳教授（Howard Gardner）提出了影响现今教育体系甚钜的"多元智力"理论。他认为原先只重数理语文能力等的传统定义"智力"的方式（亦即IQ）需要大幅修改，因为一个人的IQ除了对学校学习的成绩有很高的正相关（IQ愈高，功课愈好），对于其它方面，例如工作表现，感情及生活满意度等并无太大的关系。
嘉纳教授在他的多元智力理论中，多加了几项智力，包括了音乐，体育以及了解自我和了解他人之能力。而这后两项，让"社会智力"的概念再一次地受到教育界及心理学界的重视。
第一个使用"EQ"这个名词的人是心理学家巴昂（Reuven Bar-on），他在一九八八年编制了一份专门测验EQ的问卷（EQ-i），根据他的定义，EQ包括了那些能影响我们去适应环境的情绪及社交能力。其中有五大项：（1）自我EQ（2）人际EQ（3）适应力（4）压力管理能力（5）一般情绪状态（乐观度，快乐感）。
接着又有心理学家沙洛维及梅耶（Salovey&Mayor）在一九九0年提出情绪智力的定义。他们认为情绪智力应和乐观等人格特质区分开来，所以他们对EQ的定义强调在了解并运用情绪之方面。
目前另一个在各国受到广泛使用的EQ测验（MSCEIT），即为他们的最新研究成果。其中的问题有几大项（1）察觉及表达情绪之能力（2）在脑中想象情绪状态之能力（3）了解情绪的能力（4）控管情绪的能力。
真正让「EQ」一词走出心理学的学术圈，而成为人人朗朗上口的日常生活用语的心理学家是哈佛大学的高曼教授（Daniel Goleman）。他在1995年出版的《EQ》一书（Emotional Intelligence），登上了世界各国的畅销书排行榜，在全世界掀起了一股EQ热潮。
高曼发现一个人的EQ对他在职场的表现有着非常重要的影响。举例而言，一个针对全美国前500大企业员工所做的调查发现，不论产业别为何，一个人的IQ和EQ对他在工作上成功的贡献比例为 IQ：EQ＝1：2，也就是说，对于工作成就而言，EQ的影响是IQ的两倍，而且职位愈高，EQ对工作表现的影响就愈大。此外对于某些工作类别，例如行销，业务以及客户服务等等，EQ的影响就更为明显。
因此高曼针对职场的工作表现，提出了他的工作EQ架构。经过不断的测试和修正，目前高曼的工作EQ内容共有4大项，以及18小项。
想知道你的工作EQ高不高吗？请一起来检查一下你的各项工作EQ能力。
＜十八项重要的工作EQ＞
自我情绪管理能力：
一、自我察觉
（1）意识到自己情绪的变化：解读自己的情绪，体认到情绪的影响。
（2）精确的自我评估：了解自己的优点以及不足之处。
（3）自信：掌控自身的价值及能力。
二、自我管理
（4）情绪自制力：能够克制冲动及矛盾的情绪。
（5）坦承：展现出诚实及正直；值得信赖。
（6）适应力：弹性强，可以适应变动的环境或克服障碍。
（7）成就动机：具备提升能力的强烈动机，追求卓越的表现。
（8）冲劲：随时准备采取行动，抓住机会。
人际关系之管理能力：
三、社交察觉
（9）同理心：感受到其它人的情绪，了解别人的观点，积极关心他人。
（10）团体意识：解读团体中的趋势、决策网络及政治运作。
（11）服务：体认到客户及其它服务对象的需求，并有能力加以满足。
四、人际关系管理
（12）领导能力：以独到的愿景来引导及激励他人。
（13）影响力：能说服他人接受自己的想法。
（14）发展其它人的能力：透过回馈及教导来提升别人的能力。
（15）引发改变：能激发新的做法。
（16）冲突管理：减少意见相左，协调出共识之能力。
（17）建立联系：培养及维持人脉。
（18）团队能力：与他人合作之能力；懂得团队运作模式。
这么多的内容，足足有18项，真的是十八般武艺，样样都不简单。而要十八般武艺俱全，岂不难如登天？
请先别担心，事实上一个人只要能在这十八项EQ能力中，有五、六项EQ能力特别突出，而且是平均分布在四大项能力中的话，那他在职场上的表现，就会非常亮眼了。
要测量工作EQ，目前相当广为使用的量表是情绪能力问卷（ECI：Emotional Competence Inventory），总共有110个题目，很特别的是ECI使用360度全方位的资料收集方法，它不只是问当事人，也会从他的上司、属下、和同事来了解当事人的工作EQ，得出来的结果当然就比较客观而准确。
所以，只要掌握了工作EQ，你就能造就工作成就。
i,e,a q
IQ：
智商就是IQ(Intelligence Quotient,的簡稱)。通俗地可以理解為智力,是指數字、空間、邏輯、詞匯、創造、記憶等能力。
1916年，心理學家Stern提出一個“智商”（Intelligence Quotient簡稱I.Q.）的概念：如果一個小孩子的智力年齡與他的生理年齡一樣，那么他的智力就是一般；但如他的智力年齡高于或低于他的生理年齡，則他的智力便是高于或低于一般水準。
智商（I.Q.）=（智力年齡╱生理年齡）×100％
比如上例中，小孩的智力年齡是10，生理年齡8，故智商=（10÷8)×100=125。
智商（I.Q.） 智力等級
140以上 天才或近於天才
120-140 智力優異
110-120 智力較高
90-110 普通智力
80-90 遲鈍偶為低能
70-80 介乎遲鈍與低能之間（每可歸入低能）
70以下 確定為低能
根據統計，約50%的人口，智商介于90與會110之間即“普通智力”約25%的人口，智商小于90，（根據定義，智商100當然就是人口的平均智力水準）。智商介於是110與120者，約佔人口14.5%；介於是120與會130者約佔7%介於是130與會140者，約3%智商超過140者，僅佔人口的0.5% 。
在低能力的一邊，亦有類似的分布情況。例如智商，在介于70與80者，有7%等等。
EQ：
EQ——情感商數，簡稱“情商”， 是測定和描述人的情緒、情感的一種量化指標，指一個人運用理智控制情感和操縱行為的能力。情商是一種洞察人生價值、揭示人生目標的悟性，是一種克服內心矛盾衝突、協調人際關係的技巧，是一種生活智慧。 也是我們平常所說的心理素質。
情商理論的創始人塞拉維教授和梅耶教授把情商界定為：對情緒的知覺力、評估力、表達力、分析力、習得力、轉換力、調節力，涵蓋了自我情緒的控制調整能力、對人的親和力、社會適應能力、人際關係的處理能力、對挫折的承受能力、自我了解程度以及對他人的理解與寬容等等。
美國心理學博士丹尼爾．戈爾曼認為“情商”是個體的重要生存能力，是一種發掘情感潛能、運用情感能力影響生活各個層面和人生未來的關鍵的品質因素。他甚至認為，在人的成功要素中，智力因素是重要的，但更為重要的是情感因素。“情商”大致可以概括為五方面內容：（1）情緒控制力；（2）自我認識能力，即對自己的感知力；（3）自我激勵、自我發展的能力；（4）認知他人的能力；（5）人際交往的能力。這也是我們這次心理素質訓練班的主要內容。
AQ：
AQ就是我們說的逆境商或挫折商。簡單的說就是當面對逆境或挫折時，不同的人對待逆境或挫折產生不同反應，這種反應的能力，就叫逆境商(挫折商)。它只有定性，沒有量化的指標。在具有相差不多智商和情商情況下，逆境商對一個人的人格完善和事業成功起著決定的作用。
高AQ的人在面對逆境時，始終保持上進心，從不退縮，他們會把逆境當作激勵自己前進的推動力，能夠發揮最大的潛能，克服種種困難，獲得成功。低AQ的人在困難面前，看不到光明，於是敗下陣。一事無成。一個人事業成功必須具備智商，情商，逆境商這三個成功的因素。高智商的人並不意味著事業成功，只有高情商，高逆境商的人才能預示他的事業有成。
智商就是IQ(Intelligence Quotient,的簡稱)。通俗地可以理解為智力,是指數字、空間、邏輯、詞匯、創造、記憶等能力。
1916年，心理學家Stern提出一個“智商”（Intelligence Quotient簡稱I.Q.）的概念：如果一個小孩子的智力年齡與他的生理年齡一樣，那么他的智力就是一般；但如他的智力年齡高于或低于他的生理年齡，則他的智力便是高于或低于一般水準。
智商（I.Q.）=（智力年齡╱生理年齡）×100％
比如上例中，小孩的智力年齡是10，生理年齡8，故智商=（10÷8)×100=125。
智商（I.Q.） 智力等級
140以上 天才或近於天才
120-140 智力優異
110-120 智力較高
90-110 普通智力
80-90 遲鈍偶為低能
70-80 介乎遲鈍與低能之間（每可歸入低能）
70以下 確定為低能
根據統計，約50%的人口，智商介于90與會110之間即“普通智力”約25%的人口，智商小于90，（根據定義，智商100當然就是人口的平均智力水準）。智商介於是110與120者，約佔人口14.5%；介於是120與會130者約佔7%介於是130與會140者，約3%智商超過140者，僅佔人口的0.5% 。
在低能力的一邊，亦有類似的分布情況。例如智商，在介于70與80者，有7%等等。
EQ：
EQ——情感商數，簡稱“情商”， 是測定和描述人的情緒、情感的一種量化指標，指一個人運用理智控制情感和操縱行為的能力。情商是一種洞察人生價值、揭示人生目標的悟性，是一種克服內心矛盾衝突、協調人際關係的技巧，是一種生活智慧。 也是我們平常所說的心理素質。
情商理論的創始人塞拉維教授和梅耶教授把情商界定為：對情緒的知覺力、評估力、表達力、分析力、習得力、轉換力、調節力，涵蓋了自我情緒的控制調整能力、對人的親和力、社會適應能力、人際關係的處理能力、對挫折的承受能力、自我了解程度以及對他人的理解與寬容等等。
美國心理學博士丹尼爾．戈爾曼認為“情商”是個體的重要生存能力，是一種發掘情感潛能、運用情感能力影響生活各個層面和人生未來的關鍵的品質因素。他甚至認為，在人的成功要素中，智力因素是重要的，但更為重要的是情感因素。“情商”大致可以概括為五方面內容：（1）情緒控制力；（2）自我認識能力，即對自己的感知力；（3）自我激勵、自我發展的能力；（4）認知他人的能力；（5）人際交往的能力。這也是我們這次心理素質訓練班的主要內容。
AQ：
AQ就是我們說的逆境商或挫折商。簡單的說就是當面對逆境或挫折時，不同的人對待逆境或挫折產生不同反應，這種反應的能力，就叫逆境商(挫折商)。它只有定性，沒有量化的指標。在具有相差不多智商和情商情況下，逆境商對一個人的人格完善和事業成功起著決定的作用。
高AQ的人在面對逆境時，始終保持上進心，從不退縮，他們會把逆境當作激勵自己前進的推動力，能夠發揮最大的潛能，克服種種困難，獲得成功。低AQ的人在困難面前，看不到光明，於是敗下陣。一事無成。一個人事業成功必須具備智商，情商，逆境商這三個成功的因素。高智商的人並不意味著事業成功，只有高情商，高逆境商的人才能預示他的事業有成。
target audience demographics
Pokemon target audience demographics
Hi, I'm wondering how one could obtain information regarding the audience demographics of the pokemon franchise. I'm particularly interested in gender split between male/female fans, though I've read that the age group that nintendo targets with their marketing ads are between ages of 6-14(primarily 6-11). Why this particularly interests me is because of what strikes me as boys and girls having more similar tastes when they are smaller, while diverging more significantly in tastes for hobbies and television shows as they get older. I'm also curious to know the male/female split for fans of the Ninja Turtles franchise. Are they targeted towards males? Both? I'm not a marketing major, but where can one find answers to such questions? Thank you in advance.
www.quantcast.com
Hi, I'm wondering how one could obtain information regarding the audience demographics of the pokemon franchise. I'm particularly interested in gender split between male/female fans, though I've read that the age group that nintendo targets with their marketing ads are between ages of 6-14(primarily 6-11). Why this particularly interests me is because of what strikes me as boys and girls having more similar tastes when they are smaller, while diverging more significantly in tastes for hobbies and television shows as they get older. I'm also curious to know the male/female split for fans of the Ninja Turtles franchise. Are they targeted towards males? Both? I'm not a marketing major, but where can one find answers to such questions? Thank you in advance.
www.quantcast.com
characters
Usagi Tsukino (月野 うさぎ, Tsukino Usagi?)
The main character of the series, called Serena in the English anime (nicknamed Bunny in the English manga). Usagi is a carefree schoolgirl with an enormous capacity for love, and transforms into the heroine called Sailor Moon. At the beginning of the series she is portrayed as an immature crybaby who hates having to fight evil and wants nothing more than to be a normal girl.[6] As she progresses, however, she embraces the chance to use her power to protect those she cares about.
Mamoru Chiba (地場 衛, Chiba Mamoru?)
A student somewhat older than Usagi, called Darien in the English adaptations of the series. As a young child he was in a terrible car accident that robbed him of his parents and his knowledge of who he is. During the series he has some precognitive ability, including dreams that inspire him to take on the guise of Tuxedo Mask and fight alongside the Sailor Senshi. After an initially confrontational relationship, he and Usagi remember their past lives together and fall in love again.
Ami Mizuno (水野 亜美, Mizuno Ami?)
A quiet bookworm in Usagi's class, called Amy in the English adaptations of the series. She is highly intelligent, with a rumored IQ of 300,[7] and can transform into Sailor Mercury, acquiring power over all phases of water. Ami's shy exterior masks a passion for knowledge and for taking care of the people around her. She hopes to be a doctor one day, like her mother, and tends to be the practical one in the group. Secretly, she is also a fan of pop culture and romance novels, and becomes embarrassed whenever this is pointed out.
Rei Hino (火野 レイ, Hino Rei?)
An elegant miko (shrine maiden), called Raye in the English versions. Because of her work as a Shinto priestess, Rei can sense and dispel evil even in civilian form. When she transforms into Sailor Mars, she can also manipulate fire. She is very serious and focused, but although easily annoyed by Usagi's flightiness, cares about her very much. Rei is portrayed as boy-crazy in the early anime, but is uninterested in romance in both the manga and live-action series. She attends a private Catholic school, separate from the other girls.
Makoto Kino (木野 まこと, Kino Makoto?)
A tomboy who transfers into Usagi's school, called Lita in the English versions. Very tall and strong for a Japanese schoolgirl, she can transform into Sailor Jupiter, attacking with lightning and with some control over plants. Both Makoto's parents died in a plane crash years ago, so she lives alone and takes care of herself. She cultivates her physical strength as well as more domestic interests, including housekeeping, cooking, and gardening. She wants to marry young and to own a flower and cake shop.
Minako Aino (愛野 美奈子, Aino Minako?)
A perky dreamer who acted on her own as Sailor V for some time. Called Mina in the English versions, she has a companion cat called Artemis who works alongside Luna in guiding the Sailor Senshi. Minako transforms into Sailor Venus, Soldier of Love, and is the leader of Sailor Moon's four inner guardians. She also dreams of becoming a famous singer and idol and attends auditions whenever she can. At the start of the live-action series, she is already these things, but has poor health and separates herself from the other Senshi.
Chibiusa (ちびうさ?)
The future daughter of Usagi and Mamoru, Chibiusa travels from the 30th century to seek help to save her parents, then later to train with Sailor Moon to become a soldier. She learns to transform into Sailor Chibi Moon. Her relationship with her mother in the 20th century is at times adversarial, as she considers herself to be more mature than Usagi, but as the series progresses they develop a deep bond. Chibiusa wants to grow up to become a lady like her mother. In the English adaptations, she is called Rini, and her alter ego is called Sailor Mini Moon.
Setsuna Meioh (冥王 せつな, Meiō Setsuna?)
A mysterious woman, called Trista in the English anime. She is first revealed as Sailor Pluto, the Guardian of Time, whose duty is to protect the Space-Time Door from unauthorized travelers. It is only later that she appears on Earth, living as a college student. She has a distant personality and can be very stern, but can also be quite friendly and helps the younger Sailor Senshi when she can. After so long at the gate of time she carries a deep sense of loneliness, although she is close friends with Chibiusa.
Michiru Kaioh (海王 みちる, Kaiō Michiru?)
A talented violinist with some precognition, called Michelle in the English anime. She is a year older than most of the other Sailor Senshi and can transform into Sailor Neptune, channeling the power of the ocean. She worked alone for some time before finding her partner, Sailor Uranus, with whom she fell in love. Michiru is elegant and personable, already well-known for her music as well as her painting, but has given up her own dreams for the life of a Senshi. She is fully devoted to this duty and willing to make any sacrifice for it.
Haruka Tenoh (天王 はるか, Ten'ō Haruka?)
A good-natured, masculine-acting girl, called Amara in the English anime. Haruka is the same age as her partner, Michiru, and transforms into Sailor Uranus, Soldier of the Sky. Before becoming a Sailor Senshi, she dreamt of being a racer, and is skilled at driving. She tends to dress and, in the anime, speak like a man. She is so friendly and genial that nearly everyone she meets is attracted to her. When it comes to fighting the enemy, however, she distrusts outside help and prefers to work solely with Sailor Neptune and, later, Pluto and Saturn.
Hotaru Tomoe (土萠 ほたる, Tomoe Hotaru?)
A sweet, lonely young girl whose name is unchanged in English (though pronounced slightly differently). Daughter of a possessed mad scientist, she is sickly and weak as the result of a terrible lab accident in her youth. After overcoming the darkness that has surrounded her family, she is able to become the Soldier of Silence, Sailor Saturn. She wields forces of destruction so powerful that she is rarely called upon to use them, and unlike the others, her Senshi and civilian personae seem somewhat disconnected. She is often pensive, and as a human has the inexplicable power to heal others.
* Frank the koala is the pilot of the plane. He has demonstrated excellent skills in tennis and was the only member of the community able to defeat Archie, though he admitted it was probably just luck. He also fostered an interest in pottery at one point but did not have any great artistic ability.
* Buster the koala sits behind Frank in their plane and uses his telescope to spot friends in need from the air. He is always willing to provide a pep talk or a hug to his friends. He speaks more softly than Frank and has a small tuft of hair on the top of his head. Buster loves to bake, especially butter cookies.
* Mitzi the possum lives in a room in the Koala brothers' homestead that is not directly connected to the rest of the house and is accessible only from outside. Mitzi has a nervous, excitable personality and can be controlling and bossy. She exerts a great deal of influence over Ned the Little Wombat and seems to fill the role of a big sister to Ned. She often needs the Koala Brothers' help in overcoming her dominant, perfectionist, controlling personality.
* Ned the wombat is apparently the youngest member of the local community and lives in a trailer next door to the Koala Brothers' homestead. He is often unsure of himself, but he dreams of adventure as an explorer or a sea captain. He is very determined, and easily fixated on an idea.
* George the tortoise is the local mail carrier. He has no known residence but is always seen delivering the mail with his trusty leather satchel. He is very proud of being a mail carrier and tells the best campfire stories in the outback. He also has an interest in stamp collecting.
* Sammy the echidna lives in town and owns the local general store, which sells fuel in addition to comestibles. His sole employee is Josie. He has the least amount of problems, after the Koala Brothers.
* Josie the kangaroo works at the general store and is great friends with Mitzi.
* Alice the platypus works at the local cafe and appears to be the sole employee, though it is not clear if she owns the cafe. She is very forgetful, to the point of having severe short-term memory problems. She rides a green motor-scooter around, which has its share of engine problems. She loves to bake and one of her few talents is following recipes, although she is also good at reading maps.
* Archie the crocodile lives in a well-appointed cottage near the local watering hole. He is always exercising, stretching, or playing tennis, and is renowned at being the best at almost every sport. He is British, and has an upper-crust demeanor.
* Penny the penguin is an explorer who lives in Antarctica, but has visited the outback on occasions and keeps up a regular written correspondence with the Koala Brothers. She does not speak English, but communicates with cooing like that of a human infant.
* Lolly the emu is the local ice cream vendor and can often be seen driving her ice cream truck around.
* Jim is the main character in the series. He is an adventure and mystery loving guy. He is a very curious character, which should inspire children to follow his example by asking questions and actively seeking their answers.
* Rover is a robot dog and is always by Jim's side. Rover loves to play fetch and is always helping Jim on his lunar missions. He speaks in beeps, though every other character seems to understand him.
* Ripple is the engineer on the moon. She is always coming up with new inventions to help Jim and often helps him on his missions.
* Eco is the farmer on the moon who works in the Eco dome growing plants and raising the animals. Eco loves to collect rocks and plants to study and help Jim. He doesn't often go on missions because he is too busy farming in the Eco dome.
* TED (Technical Equipment Device) is another robot. Unlike Rover, TED is a humanoid robot. He is the clumsiest on the moon and usually having his clumsiness creating simple slapstick comedy. However, he is quite smart and sometimes solves the problem in the story. TED represents a child and essentially, the show's target audience.
* Pixel is the computer that helps Jim and his friends find things on the lunar surface and tells them their jobs for the day.
* Dolores is a chicken.
* Daisy is a cow. Lunar Jim and his team get their milk from Daisy.
Season 2 saw the addition of three major characters.
* Skye is a young space cadet who comes to Moonaluna for "hands-on" training.
* Yik Yak is an alien whose visits usually result in some sort of unintentional mayhem. He speaks in rhyme.
* Zippity is a space mailman.
Domo lives in an underground cave with Mr. Usaji [6][5], known in Japanese-language versions as Usajii (うさじい?), a portmanteau of the words usagi (うさぎ?), (rabbit), and jii (じい?) (old man, grandpa). Mr. Usaji is a wise old rabbit who loves to watch television and drink astringent green tea. Mr. Usaji is not into any "new" materials, and does not own a telephone. In terms of fashion, Mr. Usaji focuses on materials instead of shapes. Mr. Usaji's favorite food is carrots, and his least favorite food is "something that is meaningless."
Also in the cave live two bats, a mother named Maya [6] (Shinobu (しのぶ?) in the Japanese version) and her child Mario (Morio (もりお?) in the Japanese version). Maya has a drinking problem; her favorite foods are seasonal while her least favorite food is, ironically, alcohol. Mario's favorite food is Japanese-style tomato spaghetti, while his least favorite food is shiitake mushrooms.[6][5]
The other main character in the shorts is a weasel girl named Tashanna [6] [5] (Tā-chan (たーちゃん?) in the Japanese version). Tashanna, 17 years old, is a weasel who aspires to be a fashion stylist or model in Tokyo and is always using technology (televisions, mobile phones, and cameras). In English Tashanna has a "weaselly accent" (いたちなまり, itachi namari?) and ends her sentences with "y"s. In the Japanese version, she ends her sentences with "chi" (ち) [7]. According to the English site, she is also looking for a boyfriend. Tashanna's favorite food is apricot and mint tarts, and her least favorite food is sea urchin. [5] The Japanese name originates from the word "multichannel" (多チャンネル, tachanneru?) of digital broadcasting.
Bear Boy (Kogumagorō (こぐまゴロー?)), also known as A Little Bear (くまのこ, Kuma no ko?, literally "A bear cub"), is one of Domo's friends from the neighborhood; the timid cub enjoys playing baseball.[6][5]
Hee (Flower One (花一, Hanaichi?)) and Haw (Flower Two (花二, Hanaji?)) are pixie twins from a flower. Domo is the only individual who can see them. [6]
The Fox Trio consists of Esther (Esuko (エスコ?)), Brother Fox (あにきち, Aniki-chi?), and Fox Boy (Konjirō (コンジロー?)). Esther, the youngest member, enjoys producing crocodile tears, plotting schemes, and causing havoc. Brother Fox, the eldest member, dutifully cares for his youngest siblings and feels upset when referred to as "short-legged" (短足, tansoku?). Fox Boy, having a quiet demeanor, converses with Domo and Bear Boy and prefers to read.[5][7]
Hungry Bear (はらぺこぐま, Harapekoguma?), a large and powerful bear, feels too hungry to take advantage of his strength.[5]
The Ghost (ヒュ~たろう, Hyūtarou?) randomly appears and disappears.[5][7]
Humans
* Bob the Builder – a construction worker and head of his own construction yard. He is the namesake of the show and also its main character. Some of the problems in the show arise from Bob's habit of forgetting to turn his mobile phone on. He is the owner of Pilchard the Cat.
* Wendy – Bob's business partner who runs the office and keeps the business in order, and often organizes tools and equipment. She is also seen doing construction work in many episodes. An underlying romantic tension between Bob and Wendy is hinted at in several episodes.
* Farmer Pickles – a nearby farmer who sometimes helps out with Bob's projects.
* Spud – a mischievous scarecrow (male voice; catchphrase: "OK, Farmer Pickles" & "Spud's on the job!").
Recurring human characters
* Mr Beasley - a Bobsville resident and a frequent customer
* Mr Bernard Bentley – the building inspector and later Mayor of Bobsville
* Mrs Barbara Bentley – his wife
* Mr Dixon – postman and brother to a famous football goalkeeper
* Mr Ellis – museum manager
* JJ – parts supplier
* Molly – JJ's daughter
* Mrs Percival – school headmaster
* Mrs Potts - a Bobsville resident and owner of Tommy the Tortoise.
* Mr Sabatini – runs the local pizza shop
Minor human characters
* Mr Costello – Drive-in movie manager
* Dora – Bob's aunt
* Dorothy – Bob's Mom
* Mr Fothergill - a Bobsville resident and Hamish's first owner
* Jenny – Wendy's sister
* Mavis – postwoman
* Pam
* Robert – Bob's Dad
* Mrs Sabatini
* Mr Stevens – an archaeologist
* Tom – Bob's fraternal twin brother
* Mr Williams – an airport manager
Vehicles
* Scoop – is a yellow backhoe loader and the unofficial leader of all the machines (male voice; catchphrase: "No prob, Bob!"). At some points there is hinted romance between him and Dizzy.
* Muck – is a red bulldozer with additional dumping bed who acts before he thinks and often gets in trouble for it, but finds his way back (male voice; female voice in US dub; catchphrase: "Muck to the rescue!").
* Dizzy – is an orange concrete mixer and one of the youngest in the yard. She is eager, curious, and easily excitable (female voice; catchphrase: "Brilliant!"). Dizzy sometimes appears to have a crush on Scoop.
* Roley – is a green steamroller, rounds out the "Can-Do Crew" (male voice; catchphrase: "Rock and roll!").
* Lofty – is a blue crane who isn't very confident; he is hesitant and timid, but with the encouragement of the team comes through in the end (male voice; female voice in US dub; catchphrase: "Uh ... yeah, I think so!", usually said in response to the question "Can we fix it?").
* Benny – is a darkish red excavator (female voice; catchphrase: "Unreal, banana peel!")
* Scrambler – is darkish blue quadbike (ATV) (male voice; catchphrases: "Let's Scram!", "Awesome!" and "Cool as a Mule")
* Sumsy – is a maroon & yellow striped forklift, owned by Farmer Pickles (female voice; catchphrase: "I can pack 'em, I can stack 'em!")
* Packer – is a red semi-trailer truck, owned by Farmer Pickles. It has two trailers, a flatbed trailer and a covered trailer. (male voice; catchphrases: "Pick up and Deliver!" and "Pack me up and watch me go-go").
* Dodger – is a lightish blue pickup truck, owned by Meg and carries milk. He has a crane with a grabber that lifts the milk. His horn makes honking sounds. (male voice; catchphrase: "Dodger Delivers").
* Tumbler – is a green, yellow, and nice concrete transport truck. (male voice; catchphrase: "I'm a Rumblin' and a Tumblin'")
* Flex – is a yellow cherry picker. (male voice; catchphrase: "Fantastic Flex!")
* Bristle - is a grey and blue street sweeper.{male voice; catchprase: "Clean as a whistle" or "Clean as a whistle bristle, that's me!}
* Splasher - is a yellow & blue water vehicle, who works at Bobland Bay (male voice; catchphrase: "Never fear, Super Splasher is here!")
* Travis – is Farmer Pickles' cyan tractor. He helps out the crew when they need it and keeps an eye on Spud the scarecrow.
* Skip – is a yellow skip-carrier (male voice)
* Trix – is a purple forklift; belongs to J.J. (female voice; catchphrase: "Easy peasy!")
* Scoot – is a black & yellow snowmobile, owned by Tom (male voice)
* Zoomer – is a purple, Bobsville snowmobile (male voice; seen in 'Snowed Under')
* RV – is a light blue crane machine belonging to Bob's Dad. (male voice; catchphrase: "Amazing RV, that's me!").
* Jackaroo – is a blue pickup truck. He is owned in the Wild West by a female cowboy.
Animals
* Bird – is a bird, Roley's best friend
* Fin - Bob's pet fish.
* Hamish – became JJ and Molly's parrot after Mr. Fothergill found out he was allergic to him.
* Humpty – is a prize pig, owned by Farmer Pickles.
* Pilchard – Bob's pet cat and considered a part of the team. However, she's often sleeping when she's needed.
* Scruffty – a dog, owned by Farmer Pickles.
* Squawk – Another bird, friend of Bird
* Tommy – Mrs. Potts' tortoise
* Tinky Winky, played by (Dave Thompson, Mark Heenehan, and Simon Shelton), is a purple male Teletubby. He is the largest of the Teletubbies, with a triangular antenna on his head. Tinky Winky is notable for the red luggage (described by the show as a "magic bag", but often described by other media as a handbag) he carries. His character has caused much controversy due to allegations that his character's behaviour carried homosexual undertones. He is also found performing his Tinky Winky Round and Round Dance in a ballet-style tutu from time to time, which is also often worn by Laa-Laa.
* Dipsy, played by John Simmit, is the second Teletubby and is green in colour. His name stems from the straight dipstick antenna on his head. His favorite item to wear and carry with him is his black and white hat. Dipsy is the most obstinate of the characters, and will sometimes refuse to go along with the other Tubbies' group opinion. His face is also notably darker than the rest of the Teletubbies.
* Laa-Laa, played by Nikky Smedley, is a yellow female Teletubby. She has a curly antenna and is very concerned with the welfare of all. She's the best singer of all the Teletubbies. "Drama queen", party-girl and mother type. Her favorite thing is a bouncy, orange ball, which is almost as big as she is.
* Po, played by Pui Fan Lee, is a red female Teletubby with a short antenna that has a circle on top. Po is the smallest of all the Teletubbies and often the one who gets into innocent trouble. Her favorite thing is her scooter as she calls it ("Po 'cooter!"). Of all the Teletubbies, Po usually becomes most involved with the audience, and is the only bi-lingual Teletubby, with her second language being Cantonese.
* Noo-Noo seems to be both the Teletubbies guardian and/or housekeeper, due to its resemblance to a vacuum cleaner, which is its initial purpose in the house. Noo-Noo hardly ventures outside, instead remaining indoors and constantly cleaning with its sucker-like nose. It does not speak like the other characters, instead communicating through a series of slurping and sucking noises. At times, Noo-Noo gets annoyed with the Teletubbies antics and can vacuum their food or toys. This usually prompts the Teletubbies to scold Noo-Noo through a cry of "Naughty Noo-Noo!". Usually after this, Noo-Noo flees and the Teletubbies pursue it comically around the house until they grow tired, are distracted by something, or forgive Noo-Noo. This sequence ends with them hugging it, or with it shooting out their absorbed objects.
* The Sun is personified with the face of baby Jessica Smith, who is believed to have been around seven months old at the time of filming[5]. Her giggle was included on the track Teletubbies say "Eh-oh!", which reached number one on the UK Singles Chart. Although she was not credited, this does make her technically the youngest person ever whose vocal appeared on a number one song.
The show also features the voices of Toyah Willcox and Eric Sykes, and occasionally Sandra Dickinson and Penelope Keith, all of whom provide narration; the only (semi)regular physical cast member is Tamzin Griffin, who plays the manic "Funny Lady".
The main character of the series, called Serena in the English anime (nicknamed Bunny in the English manga). Usagi is a carefree schoolgirl with an enormous capacity for love, and transforms into the heroine called Sailor Moon. At the beginning of the series she is portrayed as an immature crybaby who hates having to fight evil and wants nothing more than to be a normal girl.[6] As she progresses, however, she embraces the chance to use her power to protect those she cares about.
Mamoru Chiba (地場 衛, Chiba Mamoru?)
A student somewhat older than Usagi, called Darien in the English adaptations of the series. As a young child he was in a terrible car accident that robbed him of his parents and his knowledge of who he is. During the series he has some precognitive ability, including dreams that inspire him to take on the guise of Tuxedo Mask and fight alongside the Sailor Senshi. After an initially confrontational relationship, he and Usagi remember their past lives together and fall in love again.
Ami Mizuno (水野 亜美, Mizuno Ami?)
A quiet bookworm in Usagi's class, called Amy in the English adaptations of the series. She is highly intelligent, with a rumored IQ of 300,[7] and can transform into Sailor Mercury, acquiring power over all phases of water. Ami's shy exterior masks a passion for knowledge and for taking care of the people around her. She hopes to be a doctor one day, like her mother, and tends to be the practical one in the group. Secretly, she is also a fan of pop culture and romance novels, and becomes embarrassed whenever this is pointed out.
Rei Hino (火野 レイ, Hino Rei?)
An elegant miko (shrine maiden), called Raye in the English versions. Because of her work as a Shinto priestess, Rei can sense and dispel evil even in civilian form. When she transforms into Sailor Mars, she can also manipulate fire. She is very serious and focused, but although easily annoyed by Usagi's flightiness, cares about her very much. Rei is portrayed as boy-crazy in the early anime, but is uninterested in romance in both the manga and live-action series. She attends a private Catholic school, separate from the other girls.
Makoto Kino (木野 まこと, Kino Makoto?)
A tomboy who transfers into Usagi's school, called Lita in the English versions. Very tall and strong for a Japanese schoolgirl, she can transform into Sailor Jupiter, attacking with lightning and with some control over plants. Both Makoto's parents died in a plane crash years ago, so she lives alone and takes care of herself. She cultivates her physical strength as well as more domestic interests, including housekeeping, cooking, and gardening. She wants to marry young and to own a flower and cake shop.
Minako Aino (愛野 美奈子, Aino Minako?)
A perky dreamer who acted on her own as Sailor V for some time. Called Mina in the English versions, she has a companion cat called Artemis who works alongside Luna in guiding the Sailor Senshi. Minako transforms into Sailor Venus, Soldier of Love, and is the leader of Sailor Moon's four inner guardians. She also dreams of becoming a famous singer and idol and attends auditions whenever she can. At the start of the live-action series, she is already these things, but has poor health and separates herself from the other Senshi.
Chibiusa (ちびうさ?)
The future daughter of Usagi and Mamoru, Chibiusa travels from the 30th century to seek help to save her parents, then later to train with Sailor Moon to become a soldier. She learns to transform into Sailor Chibi Moon. Her relationship with her mother in the 20th century is at times adversarial, as she considers herself to be more mature than Usagi, but as the series progresses they develop a deep bond. Chibiusa wants to grow up to become a lady like her mother. In the English adaptations, she is called Rini, and her alter ego is called Sailor Mini Moon.
Setsuna Meioh (冥王 せつな, Meiō Setsuna?)
A mysterious woman, called Trista in the English anime. She is first revealed as Sailor Pluto, the Guardian of Time, whose duty is to protect the Space-Time Door from unauthorized travelers. It is only later that she appears on Earth, living as a college student. She has a distant personality and can be very stern, but can also be quite friendly and helps the younger Sailor Senshi when she can. After so long at the gate of time she carries a deep sense of loneliness, although she is close friends with Chibiusa.
Michiru Kaioh (海王 みちる, Kaiō Michiru?)
A talented violinist with some precognition, called Michelle in the English anime. She is a year older than most of the other Sailor Senshi and can transform into Sailor Neptune, channeling the power of the ocean. She worked alone for some time before finding her partner, Sailor Uranus, with whom she fell in love. Michiru is elegant and personable, already well-known for her music as well as her painting, but has given up her own dreams for the life of a Senshi. She is fully devoted to this duty and willing to make any sacrifice for it.
Haruka Tenoh (天王 はるか, Ten'ō Haruka?)
A good-natured, masculine-acting girl, called Amara in the English anime. Haruka is the same age as her partner, Michiru, and transforms into Sailor Uranus, Soldier of the Sky. Before becoming a Sailor Senshi, she dreamt of being a racer, and is skilled at driving. She tends to dress and, in the anime, speak like a man. She is so friendly and genial that nearly everyone she meets is attracted to her. When it comes to fighting the enemy, however, she distrusts outside help and prefers to work solely with Sailor Neptune and, later, Pluto and Saturn.
Hotaru Tomoe (土萠 ほたる, Tomoe Hotaru?)
A sweet, lonely young girl whose name is unchanged in English (though pronounced slightly differently). Daughter of a possessed mad scientist, she is sickly and weak as the result of a terrible lab accident in her youth. After overcoming the darkness that has surrounded her family, she is able to become the Soldier of Silence, Sailor Saturn. She wields forces of destruction so powerful that she is rarely called upon to use them, and unlike the others, her Senshi and civilian personae seem somewhat disconnected. She is often pensive, and as a human has the inexplicable power to heal others.
* Frank the koala is the pilot of the plane. He has demonstrated excellent skills in tennis and was the only member of the community able to defeat Archie, though he admitted it was probably just luck. He also fostered an interest in pottery at one point but did not have any great artistic ability.
* Buster the koala sits behind Frank in their plane and uses his telescope to spot friends in need from the air. He is always willing to provide a pep talk or a hug to his friends. He speaks more softly than Frank and has a small tuft of hair on the top of his head. Buster loves to bake, especially butter cookies.
* Mitzi the possum lives in a room in the Koala brothers' homestead that is not directly connected to the rest of the house and is accessible only from outside. Mitzi has a nervous, excitable personality and can be controlling and bossy. She exerts a great deal of influence over Ned the Little Wombat and seems to fill the role of a big sister to Ned. She often needs the Koala Brothers' help in overcoming her dominant, perfectionist, controlling personality.
* Ned the wombat is apparently the youngest member of the local community and lives in a trailer next door to the Koala Brothers' homestead. He is often unsure of himself, but he dreams of adventure as an explorer or a sea captain. He is very determined, and easily fixated on an idea.
* George the tortoise is the local mail carrier. He has no known residence but is always seen delivering the mail with his trusty leather satchel. He is very proud of being a mail carrier and tells the best campfire stories in the outback. He also has an interest in stamp collecting.
* Sammy the echidna lives in town and owns the local general store, which sells fuel in addition to comestibles. His sole employee is Josie. He has the least amount of problems, after the Koala Brothers.
* Josie the kangaroo works at the general store and is great friends with Mitzi.
* Alice the platypus works at the local cafe and appears to be the sole employee, though it is not clear if she owns the cafe. She is very forgetful, to the point of having severe short-term memory problems. She rides a green motor-scooter around, which has its share of engine problems. She loves to bake and one of her few talents is following recipes, although she is also good at reading maps.
* Archie the crocodile lives in a well-appointed cottage near the local watering hole. He is always exercising, stretching, or playing tennis, and is renowned at being the best at almost every sport. He is British, and has an upper-crust demeanor.
* Penny the penguin is an explorer who lives in Antarctica, but has visited the outback on occasions and keeps up a regular written correspondence with the Koala Brothers. She does not speak English, but communicates with cooing like that of a human infant.
* Lolly the emu is the local ice cream vendor and can often be seen driving her ice cream truck around.
* Jim is the main character in the series. He is an adventure and mystery loving guy. He is a very curious character, which should inspire children to follow his example by asking questions and actively seeking their answers.
* Rover is a robot dog and is always by Jim's side. Rover loves to play fetch and is always helping Jim on his lunar missions. He speaks in beeps, though every other character seems to understand him.
* Ripple is the engineer on the moon. She is always coming up with new inventions to help Jim and often helps him on his missions.
* Eco is the farmer on the moon who works in the Eco dome growing plants and raising the animals. Eco loves to collect rocks and plants to study and help Jim. He doesn't often go on missions because he is too busy farming in the Eco dome.
* TED (Technical Equipment Device) is another robot. Unlike Rover, TED is a humanoid robot. He is the clumsiest on the moon and usually having his clumsiness creating simple slapstick comedy. However, he is quite smart and sometimes solves the problem in the story. TED represents a child and essentially, the show's target audience.
* Pixel is the computer that helps Jim and his friends find things on the lunar surface and tells them their jobs for the day.
* Dolores is a chicken.
* Daisy is a cow. Lunar Jim and his team get their milk from Daisy.
Season 2 saw the addition of three major characters.
* Skye is a young space cadet who comes to Moonaluna for "hands-on" training.
* Yik Yak is an alien whose visits usually result in some sort of unintentional mayhem. He speaks in rhyme.
* Zippity is a space mailman.
Domo lives in an underground cave with Mr. Usaji [6][5], known in Japanese-language versions as Usajii (うさじい?), a portmanteau of the words usagi (うさぎ?), (rabbit), and jii (じい?) (old man, grandpa). Mr. Usaji is a wise old rabbit who loves to watch television and drink astringent green tea. Mr. Usaji is not into any "new" materials, and does not own a telephone. In terms of fashion, Mr. Usaji focuses on materials instead of shapes. Mr. Usaji's favorite food is carrots, and his least favorite food is "something that is meaningless."
Also in the cave live two bats, a mother named Maya [6] (Shinobu (しのぶ?) in the Japanese version) and her child Mario (Morio (もりお?) in the Japanese version). Maya has a drinking problem; her favorite foods are seasonal while her least favorite food is, ironically, alcohol. Mario's favorite food is Japanese-style tomato spaghetti, while his least favorite food is shiitake mushrooms.[6][5]
The other main character in the shorts is a weasel girl named Tashanna [6] [5] (Tā-chan (たーちゃん?) in the Japanese version). Tashanna, 17 years old, is a weasel who aspires to be a fashion stylist or model in Tokyo and is always using technology (televisions, mobile phones, and cameras). In English Tashanna has a "weaselly accent" (いたちなまり, itachi namari?) and ends her sentences with "y"s. In the Japanese version, she ends her sentences with "chi" (ち) [7]. According to the English site, she is also looking for a boyfriend. Tashanna's favorite food is apricot and mint tarts, and her least favorite food is sea urchin. [5] The Japanese name originates from the word "multichannel" (多チャンネル, tachanneru?) of digital broadcasting.
Bear Boy (Kogumagorō (こぐまゴロー?)), also known as A Little Bear (くまのこ, Kuma no ko?, literally "A bear cub"), is one of Domo's friends from the neighborhood; the timid cub enjoys playing baseball.[6][5]
Hee (Flower One (花一, Hanaichi?)) and Haw (Flower Two (花二, Hanaji?)) are pixie twins from a flower. Domo is the only individual who can see them. [6]
The Fox Trio consists of Esther (Esuko (エスコ?)), Brother Fox (あにきち, Aniki-chi?), and Fox Boy (Konjirō (コンジロー?)). Esther, the youngest member, enjoys producing crocodile tears, plotting schemes, and causing havoc. Brother Fox, the eldest member, dutifully cares for his youngest siblings and feels upset when referred to as "short-legged" (短足, tansoku?). Fox Boy, having a quiet demeanor, converses with Domo and Bear Boy and prefers to read.[5][7]
Hungry Bear (はらぺこぐま, Harapekoguma?), a large and powerful bear, feels too hungry to take advantage of his strength.[5]
The Ghost (ヒュ~たろう, Hyūtarou?) randomly appears and disappears.[5][7]
Humans
* Bob the Builder – a construction worker and head of his own construction yard. He is the namesake of the show and also its main character. Some of the problems in the show arise from Bob's habit of forgetting to turn his mobile phone on. He is the owner of Pilchard the Cat.
* Wendy – Bob's business partner who runs the office and keeps the business in order, and often organizes tools and equipment. She is also seen doing construction work in many episodes. An underlying romantic tension between Bob and Wendy is hinted at in several episodes.
* Farmer Pickles – a nearby farmer who sometimes helps out with Bob's projects.
* Spud – a mischievous scarecrow (male voice; catchphrase: "OK, Farmer Pickles" & "Spud's on the job!").
Recurring human characters
* Mr Beasley - a Bobsville resident and a frequent customer
* Mr Bernard Bentley – the building inspector and later Mayor of Bobsville
* Mrs Barbara Bentley – his wife
* Mr Dixon – postman and brother to a famous football goalkeeper
* Mr Ellis – museum manager
* JJ – parts supplier
* Molly – JJ's daughter
* Mrs Percival – school headmaster
* Mrs Potts - a Bobsville resident and owner of Tommy the Tortoise.
* Mr Sabatini – runs the local pizza shop
Minor human characters
* Mr Costello – Drive-in movie manager
* Dora – Bob's aunt
* Dorothy – Bob's Mom
* Mr Fothergill - a Bobsville resident and Hamish's first owner
* Jenny – Wendy's sister
* Mavis – postwoman
* Pam
* Robert – Bob's Dad
* Mrs Sabatini
* Mr Stevens – an archaeologist
* Tom – Bob's fraternal twin brother
* Mr Williams – an airport manager
Vehicles
* Scoop – is a yellow backhoe loader and the unofficial leader of all the machines (male voice; catchphrase: "No prob, Bob!"). At some points there is hinted romance between him and Dizzy.
* Muck – is a red bulldozer with additional dumping bed who acts before he thinks and often gets in trouble for it, but finds his way back (male voice; female voice in US dub; catchphrase: "Muck to the rescue!").
* Dizzy – is an orange concrete mixer and one of the youngest in the yard. She is eager, curious, and easily excitable (female voice; catchphrase: "Brilliant!"). Dizzy sometimes appears to have a crush on Scoop.
* Roley – is a green steamroller, rounds out the "Can-Do Crew" (male voice; catchphrase: "Rock and roll!").
* Lofty – is a blue crane who isn't very confident; he is hesitant and timid, but with the encouragement of the team comes through in the end (male voice; female voice in US dub; catchphrase: "Uh ... yeah, I think so!", usually said in response to the question "Can we fix it?").
* Benny – is a darkish red excavator (female voice; catchphrase: "Unreal, banana peel!")
* Scrambler – is darkish blue quadbike (ATV) (male voice; catchphrases: "Let's Scram!", "Awesome!" and "Cool as a Mule")
* Sumsy – is a maroon & yellow striped forklift, owned by Farmer Pickles (female voice; catchphrase: "I can pack 'em, I can stack 'em!")
* Packer – is a red semi-trailer truck, owned by Farmer Pickles. It has two trailers, a flatbed trailer and a covered trailer. (male voice; catchphrases: "Pick up and Deliver!" and "Pack me up and watch me go-go").
* Dodger – is a lightish blue pickup truck, owned by Meg and carries milk. He has a crane with a grabber that lifts the milk. His horn makes honking sounds. (male voice; catchphrase: "Dodger Delivers").
* Tumbler – is a green, yellow, and nice concrete transport truck. (male voice; catchphrase: "I'm a Rumblin' and a Tumblin'")
* Flex – is a yellow cherry picker. (male voice; catchphrase: "Fantastic Flex!")
* Bristle - is a grey and blue street sweeper.{male voice; catchprase: "Clean as a whistle" or "Clean as a whistle bristle, that's me!}
* Splasher - is a yellow & blue water vehicle, who works at Bobland Bay (male voice; catchphrase: "Never fear, Super Splasher is here!")
* Travis – is Farmer Pickles' cyan tractor. He helps out the crew when they need it and keeps an eye on Spud the scarecrow.
* Skip – is a yellow skip-carrier (male voice)
* Trix – is a purple forklift; belongs to J.J. (female voice; catchphrase: "Easy peasy!")
* Scoot – is a black & yellow snowmobile, owned by Tom (male voice)
* Zoomer – is a purple, Bobsville snowmobile (male voice; seen in 'Snowed Under')
* RV – is a light blue crane machine belonging to Bob's Dad. (male voice; catchphrase: "Amazing RV, that's me!").
* Jackaroo – is a blue pickup truck. He is owned in the Wild West by a female cowboy.
Animals
* Bird – is a bird, Roley's best friend
* Fin - Bob's pet fish.
* Hamish – became JJ and Molly's parrot after Mr. Fothergill found out he was allergic to him.
* Humpty – is a prize pig, owned by Farmer Pickles.
* Pilchard – Bob's pet cat and considered a part of the team. However, she's often sleeping when she's needed.
* Scruffty – a dog, owned by Farmer Pickles.
* Squawk – Another bird, friend of Bird
* Tommy – Mrs. Potts' tortoise
* Tinky Winky, played by (Dave Thompson, Mark Heenehan, and Simon Shelton), is a purple male Teletubby. He is the largest of the Teletubbies, with a triangular antenna on his head. Tinky Winky is notable for the red luggage (described by the show as a "magic bag", but often described by other media as a handbag) he carries. His character has caused much controversy due to allegations that his character's behaviour carried homosexual undertones. He is also found performing his Tinky Winky Round and Round Dance in a ballet-style tutu from time to time, which is also often worn by Laa-Laa.
* Dipsy, played by John Simmit, is the second Teletubby and is green in colour. His name stems from the straight dipstick antenna on his head. His favorite item to wear and carry with him is his black and white hat. Dipsy is the most obstinate of the characters, and will sometimes refuse to go along with the other Tubbies' group opinion. His face is also notably darker than the rest of the Teletubbies.
* Laa-Laa, played by Nikky Smedley, is a yellow female Teletubby. She has a curly antenna and is very concerned with the welfare of all. She's the best singer of all the Teletubbies. "Drama queen", party-girl and mother type. Her favorite thing is a bouncy, orange ball, which is almost as big as she is.
* Po, played by Pui Fan Lee, is a red female Teletubby with a short antenna that has a circle on top. Po is the smallest of all the Teletubbies and often the one who gets into innocent trouble. Her favorite thing is her scooter as she calls it ("Po 'cooter!"). Of all the Teletubbies, Po usually becomes most involved with the audience, and is the only bi-lingual Teletubby, with her second language being Cantonese.
* Noo-Noo seems to be both the Teletubbies guardian and/or housekeeper, due to its resemblance to a vacuum cleaner, which is its initial purpose in the house. Noo-Noo hardly ventures outside, instead remaining indoors and constantly cleaning with its sucker-like nose. It does not speak like the other characters, instead communicating through a series of slurping and sucking noises. At times, Noo-Noo gets annoyed with the Teletubbies antics and can vacuum their food or toys. This usually prompts the Teletubbies to scold Noo-Noo through a cry of "Naughty Noo-Noo!". Usually after this, Noo-Noo flees and the Teletubbies pursue it comically around the house until they grow tired, are distracted by something, or forgive Noo-Noo. This sequence ends with them hugging it, or with it shooting out their absorbed objects.
* The Sun is personified with the face of baby Jessica Smith, who is believed to have been around seven months old at the time of filming[5]. Her giggle was included on the track Teletubbies say "Eh-oh!", which reached number one on the UK Singles Chart. Although she was not credited, this does make her technically the youngest person ever whose vocal appeared on a number one song.
The show also features the voices of Toyah Willcox and Eric Sykes, and occasionally Sandra Dickinson and Penelope Keith, all of whom provide narration; the only (semi)regular physical cast member is Tamzin Griffin, who plays the manic "Funny Lady".
Saturday 21 February 2009
cloudscape
Canon 16-35 f2.8L II
Canon 5D, Canon 17-40 f4L
Photography
The butterfly effect:
A butterfly flaps its wings in China, setting off a chain of events that ends with a tornado in Kansas. This is the chaos theory, in a nutshell, You never know how your creative energy will reverberate and set off an unpredictable and exciting impact. Let your creative chaos roar!
http://flickr.com/photos/abbylanes/3074204873/
A butterfly flaps its wings in China, setting off a chain of events that ends with a tornado in Kansas. This is the chaos theory, in a nutshell, You never know how your creative energy will reverberate and set off an unpredictable and exciting impact. Let your creative chaos roar!
http://flickr.com/photos/abbylanes/3074204873/
Photography
tilt-shift effect!
A little about this picture:
HDR Orton done in Dynamic Photo HDR to give it the “dreamy” effect. After that I imported to PSPX2, duplicated the layer, desaturated and brought the color layer to the top. Then rubbed away the background to show b&w. I did this because the background was distracting. I would have liked Olivia’s face (left) a touch more in the picture, but that was how I framed it. So to balance it out a little I cropped in from the right and down from the top a little, also cutting a little more of the busy background out.
http://www.olympus.co.jp/en/magazine/pursuit/feature_article/feb2007/index.cfm
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| What you see above isn't a virtual-reality image created on a computer. It's a “Fotomo” — a three-dimensional object you can pick up and hold in your hand. Created from photo prints of real-world scenes, cut and assembled into 3D collages, Fotomo are the work of Kimio Itozaki, a photographer with a unique perspective on life and art. | ||
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 lthough photography is a medium that faithfully records reality, it only does so in two dimensions. Conventional 3D models, on the other hand, generally lack the realism and fine detail of photos. So as the name suggests, Fotomo is a technique that combines the realism of photography with the physical presence of a 3D model.When I create a Fotomo, I first rough-out the three-dimensional form, and then use photographic images to show the fine details. But when you look at a Fotomo, something strange happens in your brain — the actual 3D reality of the model and the virtual 3D space of the photo merge to provide a unique 3D experience.The perspective in the photographic images conveys a feeling of depth within a limited space, and because the Fotomo is a real three-dimensional object than you can view from various angles, it has a unique realism that gives the viewer a real sense of “being there.” | ||||||||||||||
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| Fotomo as “Impersonal Art” | ||||||||||||||
| I always choose ordinary subjects for my Fotomo works — conventional street scenes, buildings, and everyday objects. Even when I travel abroad, I stick to this policy and avoid using famous buildings or other tourist attractions as my subject, because through Fotomo, I want to express the intrinsic aesthetic value of the everyday. That’s why I’m more interested in ordinary things that many people might find prosaic.In my work, I’m guided by my own concept of “Impersonal Art.” What do I mean by this? For example, the Fotomo above shows a building with a greengrocer on the first floor and a karaoke bar (providing laser disc entertainment, according to the sign) on the second. Next door, there’s a temple where people can pray for the healthy upbringing of their children. Even for the Japanese, this is a pretty bizarre scene.It’s this coming together of the incongruous that creates something that the noted surrealist Lautréamont described as being “as beautiful as the chance meeting on a dissecting table of a sewing machine and an umbrella.” But this odd little street corner didn’t spring from the mind of a single creative genius. It is the unconscious result of the thoughts and actions of many people, like a work of art without a creator. By impersonal, I mean something not intentionally created whose subjectivity is impossible to pinpoint. Despite the fact that modern cities are a reflection of man’s rational nature, you can still find plenty of examples of the “impersonal” at work.Impersonal art comes into existence when the observer discovers the artistic merit of something that was not initially created as a work of art. In other words, I don’t really create impersonal art, I simply take photographs. However, when I tried shoot with impersonal art in mind, all I ended up with was landscapes. That’s when I hit on the idea of Fotomo as a technique for expressing impersonal art as objets d’art. By miniaturizing streets and buildings, Fotomo strips them of their usefulness so that they become pure objects. From my viewpoint as an observer, this lets me represent the real world artistically as an unadulterated object. For me, Fotomo is quite simply a medium for expressing impersonal art. | ||||||||||||||
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| Making a Fotomo | ||||||||||||||
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| Arranging the photos gives me an idea of the overall image. Based on this, I then cut out parts of the prints and arrange them to create the three-dimensional Fotomo I have in mind. For this particular work I took the images with a digital camera and post-processed them on a PC, something I have only recently started doing after 10 years of working with 35mm film and prints. Since Fotoma itself is a new form of photographic expression, film and digital are both simply the means to an end. | ||||||||||||||
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| Fotomo Papercraft | ||||||||||||||
| Looking at a photo of a Fotomo obviously doesn’t to justice to the reality of the experience, and exhibitions of the actual works only provide a limited amount of exposure. But I wanted to share the Fotomo experience with even more people. That was the inspiration for the development of Fotomo papercraft.Simple assembly is all it takes for anyone to discover the reality of Fotomo, and I’ve published Fotomo papercraft books and magazine how-to articles to make it even more accessible. Although these publications are only available in Japan, anyone who is interested can download Fotomo papercraft project instructions from my website. To construct your own Fotomo, simply print the parts on A4 size cards and assemble according to papercraft theory. | ||||||||||||||
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| Click the image to download the papercraft and construct your own Fotomo. | ||||||||||||||
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| fotomo_papercraft.zip (3.4MB) | ||||||||||||||
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